Workload Analysis of Menu Layering in Unmanned Aircraft Systems Control Stations
An empirical analysis of how menu layering depth in UAS ground control stations affects operator workload, performance, and situational awareness. Examines the relationship between information architecture and cognitive load in unmanned systems ground control.
Ryan Blakeney
ASCI 638: Human Factors in Unmanned Aerospace Systems
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University-Worldwide
May 2020
Abstract
Control Stations (CS) is an interface that allows for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) operators to interface with the aircraft. This research paper examines the effects of menu layering on operator workload and performance in UAS control stations.
Keywords: unmanned aircraft systems, human factors, menu layering, workload, control stations
Introduction
The research paper focuses on the effects of menu layering in unmanned aircraft systems control stations. Information access, command and control functions, and communication capabilities are managed through these interfaces.
Department of Defense standards of design for the UAS were established to ensure that operators could effectively manage complex mission scenarios. The learning outcomes addressed in this research paper include understanding the relationship between interface design and operator performance.
Methodology
The study examined various menu layering configurations and their impact on operator performance metrics including response time, error rate, and subjective workload assessments.
Results and Analysis
Menu layering depth was found to have significant effects on operator workload. Deeper menu hierarchies increased cognitive load and reduced task performance under time pressure conditions.
The findings suggest that optimal menu design for UAS control stations should minimize the number of layers required to access critical functions, particularly those related to flight safety and emergency operations.
Discussion
The implications of menu layering extend beyond simple interface design. They affect operator situational awareness, decision-making speed, and overall mission effectiveness. The findings are particularly relevant for manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T) operations where operators must manage multiple UAS platforms simultaneously.
Conclusion
This analysis demonstrates that menu layering is a significant factor in UAS control station design. Interface designers should prioritize flat, accessible menu structures for critical functions while allowing deeper organization for secondary tasks.
Originally submitted to Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University as part of the MSUS program.